ASSESSMENT OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING STATION EFFECTS ON DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM POWER QUALITY

Abstract

The rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has significantly increased the demand for charging infrastructure worldwide. Although Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCS) contribute to environmental sustainability and reduced greenhouse gas emissions, their largescale integration into power distribution networks introduces several power quality challenges. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the impact of EV charging stations on power quality parameters such as voltage fluctuations, harmonic distortion, power factor deterioration, voltage sag, voltage swell, and system imbalance. Different types of EV chargers, including slow charging, fast charging, and ultra-fast charging systems, are analyzed to assess their effects on electrical distribution systems. Simulation studies are carried out under various loading conditions to evaluate Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), voltage regulation, and reactive power requirements. The study further investigates mitigation techniques such as active power filters, smart charging strategies, renewable energy integration, and energy storage systems to improve overall power quality performance. The results demonstrate that proper control and management strategies can significantly reduce the adverse effects of EV charging stations on modern power systems.