IoT-Based Real-Time Multi-Disaster Detection and Alert System

Abstract

Natural and man-made disasters such as floods, fires, earthquakes, gas leakages, landslides, and industrial acci- dents cause severe damage to human life, infrastructure, and the environment. Traditional disaster management systems mainly depend on manual monitoring and delayed communication mechanisms, which often create challenges in disaster preparedness, emergency response efficiency, and public safety. Due to the increasing occurrence of disasters and the rapid advancement of smart technologies, there is a growing need for intelligent systems capable of monitoring environmental conditions and generating emergency alerts in real time. Recent advancements in Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), cloud computing, and wireless communication technologies have enabled the development of smart disaster monitoring systems. Modern IoTbased disaster management platforms allow continuous monitoring of environmental con- ditions using smart sensors and real-time communication sys- tems. These technologies improve disaster detection accuracy, reduce emergency response delays, and enhance rescue coordi- nation efficiency. However, many existing disaster management systems mainly focus on basic monitoring functionalities and lack advanced capabilities such as AI-based predictive analysis, centralized cloud monitoring, GPSbased emergency tracking, and scalable IoT infrastructures. The proposed AI-Enabled Smart Disaster Management System using IoT Devices is designed as a centralized environmental monitoring and emergency response platform that integrates IoT sensors, Artificial Intelligence, cloud communication technologies, GPS tracking, and automated emergency alert mechanismsinto a single system. The system uses smart sensors such as temperature sensors, smoke sensors, gas sensors, vibration sensors, and water level sensors for continuously monitoring environmental conditions. IoT devices such as ESP32 and Raspberry Pi process sensor data and communicate with cloud servers through wireless communication technologies.c Whenever dangerous environmental conditions exceed pre- defined safety thresholds, the system automatically generates emergency alerts through SMS notifications, email services, mobile applications, and GPSbased location sharing systems. The proposed system provides a secure, scalable, reliable, and cost-effective solution for improving disaster preparedness, public safety, emergency response coordination, and smart city disaster management operations