Design and Implementation of an IoT-Enabled Solar Hydroponic Farming System

Abstract

This project presents an IoT-based smart indoor farming system developed to enhance sustainable agriculture through automation, environmental monitoring, and efficient resource management. The system is implemented using an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with multiple sensors, including a DHT11 sensor for temperature and humidity monitoring and a soil moisture sensor for irrigation management. The proposed system continuously monitors environmental conditions and automatically controls essential farming operations such as water pumping, ventilation through fan control, and alert generation using a buzzer. Real-time sensor data is displayed on an LCD module and transmitted to an IoT cloud platform through Wi-Fi connectivity for remote monitoring and analysis. The automated control mechanism maintains suitable environmental conditions for plant growth, reducing human intervention and improving farming efficiency. The system also supports smart irrigation by detecting soil moisture levels and activating the water pump only when required, thereby conserving water resources. This low-cost and energy-efficient solution is suitable for indoor farming and smart agriculture applications, addressing challenges such as limited agricultural land, climate variations, and efficient crop management while promoting modern eco-friendly farming practices.