Biometric Polling Verification Framework with Audit Monitoring Based Offline Validation Support

Abstract

Elections are a fundamental component of democratic governance, and maintaining their integrity is essential for ensuring transparency, accountability, and public confidence in the electoral process. As voter populations continue to increase, conventional polling systems encounter numerous challenges, including voter impersonation, duplicate voting, manual identity verification errors, lengthy authentication procedures, and inadequate monitoring of polling activities. Traditional election processes rely heavily on physical identity documents, printed electoral rolls, and manual record verification, making them vulnerable to human error, procedural inefficiencies, and fraudulent practices. Furthermore, the absence of real-time identity verification and centralized digital record management limits the ability of election authorities to detect irregularities and maintain accurate audit trails during polling. To address these limitations, the proposed Biometric Polling Assurance System provides a secure digital platform that integrates biometric-based voter authentication with centralized monitoring and structured relational data management. Developed using React for the frontend, Node.js for backend processing, and MySQL for relational database management, the system securely verifies voter identities before vote casting, thereby enforcing the oneperson-one-vote principle. The MySQL database employs normalized tables with primary and foreign key relationships to ensure data consistency, integrity, and efficient storage of election records. The platform also maintains detailed authentication logs and administrative records to support transparency, accountability, and post-election auditing. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) restricts system access to authorized users, while transaction management ensures accurate processing of concurrent authentication requests. The proposed system enhances election security, operational efficiency, scalability, voter privacy, and the overall credibility of modern electoral processes.