Smart Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging System Using Solar Based Inductive Energy Transfer Mechanism

Abstract

The rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has accelerated the demand for efficient charging infrastructure, with the global EV market expected to surpass 350 million vehicles by 2030 and charging-related challenges accounting for nearly 25% of user concerns, while wireless power transfer technologies are projected to grow at over 20% annually. These applications demand intelligent systems capable of automated charging, reduced human intervention, and integration with renewable energy sources. Traditional wired charging systems rely on physical connectors, which are prone to wear and tear, require manual handling, and pose safety risks such as electric shocks and cable damage. Furthermore, they lack flexibility, aesthetic integration, and seamless automation, limiting their suitability for next-generation mobility systems. To address these challenges, the proposed Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging System utilizes inductive coupling technology combined with solar energy integration and the ESP32 microcontroller to develop an intelligent and sustainable charging solution. The system employs a primary coil embedded in the ground to generate a magnetic field, inducing current in a secondary coil mounted on the vehicle, which is then rectified to charge the battery. Solar panels serve as the primary energy source, promoting green energy utilization, while the ESP32 monitors voltage, controls charging operations, and ensures system safety. This smart system enables efficient, contactless energy transfer, enhances user convenience, reduces maintenance, and supports the development of sustainable and autonomous EV charging infrastructure.