Iot-Enabled Autonomous Night Patrolling Robot For Enhanced Women’s Safety In Urban Environments

Abstract

Women’s safety remains one of the most pressing concerns in modern society, especially during nighttime in isolated or poorly monitored areas. Traditional security systems rely heavily on human patrol officers, CCTV surveillance, and emergency helplines, all of which suffer from limitations such as delayed response, limited coverage, and lack of real-time intervention. To address these challenges, this research proposes an IoTenabled autonomous night patrolling robot designed specifically to enhance women’s safety through intelligent surveillance, threat detection, and instant communication features. The robot is equipped with sensors such as PIR motion detectors, GPS, ultrasonic sensors, and a camera module capable of real-time video streaming. The system leverages IoT connectivity for remote monitoring and emergency alerts, ensuring that suspicious activities are immediately detected and reported. Using machine learning–based facial recognition and audio anomaly detection, the robot can identify potential threats and trigger automated responses. The robot navigates autonomously using path-planning algorithms while avoiding obstacles, enabling continuous monitoring of dark or restricted pathways. The proposed system is cost-effective, scalable, and suitable for deployment in campuses, residential societies, public parks, and urban streets. By integrating surveillance, communication, and automation, the robot strengthens prevention and rapid response capabilities, contributing to a safer environment for women at night.